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Land transport is transport that takes place on solid ground, that is, on land – streets, rails, etc. It can be both the transport of goods and people. In land transport, various means of transport are used, ranging from passenger cars, buses, buses, through trucks, to railways. 

Despite the development of technology, land transport is still the most popular. Type of transport and is ahead of water and air transport. Here, we see about what are the various modes of transportation?

Types Of Land Transport

Land transport, together with water transport, is part of surface transport. (i.e.) transport taking place not in the air, but on the surface of the earth or water. Apart from them, one can also distinguish means of air transport (in this case, air dominates). The main types of land transport in the world include – road (car), rail (rail) and pipeline.

Road Transport 

The car type of transport is the most popular. It is not without reason that it is so often used in our industry – an extensive network of roads around the world, safety. The possibility of transporting loads of various sizes, weights, and specificities, as well as attractive prices. Made it the most common choice for road transport. It can be divided according to the criterion of economic activity (gainful and non-profit) and territorial (national and international).

Land road transport allows you to transport virtually any load – from pallets to oversized goods. E.g. infrastructure elements or heavy agricultural machinery. For this purpose, means such as trucks, tractors, and special vehicles are used. Depending on the weight of a given vehicle, they can be divided into delivery, low-tonnage, medium-tonnage, and high-tonnage fleets. It is worth remembering that road transport includes not only the transport of goods but also of people. By buses or passenger cars.

Railway Land Transport (Rail)

In addition to road transport, among the types of land transport we can also distinguish rail, also called the rail. Its greatest advantage is the ability to transport large and heavy loads, even over the longest distances, low cost, low environmental impact, and regular frequency of train journeys. 

Transport companies can also use specialized rolling stock adapted to the transport of specific groups of goods. Rail land transport is most often used to deliver low-value cargo such as coal, timber, and agricultural products.

This type of transport has the following disadvantages: limited security of goods, high costs of construction, maintenance and construction of the line, the inability to change the route during the journey, limited transport speed, and the risk of theft.

Pipeline Transport

The pipeline type of transport is used only for the delivery of goods such as water, gas, or crude oil and its derivatives. The possibility of transporting gases and liquids is strictly regulated by law, but it is this form of transport that has been recognized as the most economical.

Other Types Of Land Transport

When talking about land transport and its types, one cannot forget about a different way of dividing this type of transport – underground, surface, and above-ground. The former includes metro and underground pipelines, the latter includes cars and railways, and the third includes overground and adhesive liner pipelines.

Land Transport And Other Areas Of Life

It, as the most widespread method of sending goods, is closely related not only to the economy but also to people’s daily lives. As a result of the development of technological and scientific thought, the dynamic development of this type of transport contributes to the development of industry that deals with the production of means of transport and the development of industries such as metallurgy and electronics. 

Roads, railways, energy, and pipelines that require construction, repair or renovation, provide employment and development opportunities for construction industries.

External Transportation Costs

The negative effects of transport, such as air, soil, water, and noise pollution generate external costs that are fully covered by the general public, and not directly by transport users. It is very difficult to accurately calculate the number of external transport costs. 

“The fact that transport does not pay the full social costs, including environmental costs, leads to significant distortions of competition on the transport market. This means that due to the distorted pricing mechanism, the significant environmental advantage of rail transport over road transport is not recognized on the transport market”. In practice, this means that the cost of road transport is much higher than that of rail.

Advantages Of Land Transport

Land transport has many advantages. One of the main advantages of land transport is a well-developed road network. This is primarily about road transport, as the rail network is unfortunately not as well developed yet.

Due to the dense network of roads, the goods can be delivered directly to the selected place, and the preparation of the route is not problematic and allows for flexible route planning. Land transport makes it possible to quickly transport various types of cargo.

The benefits of rail transport include low transport costs and a low environmental impact. Rail transport also enables the transport of more goods and over longer distances than road transport.